Science and Technology play a crucial role in the UPSC Civil Services Examination (CSE), especially in Prelims (GS Paper 1) and Mains (GS Paper 3). Questions related to space technology, biotechnology, nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, and recent advancements frequently appear in the exam.
To help UPSC aspirants enhance their preparation, we have compiled important Science & Technology GK questions with answers that will aid in understanding key concepts and current developments.
1. Basic Science GK Questions
Q1: What is the SI unit of electric current?
A) Volt
B) Ampere
C) Ohm
D) Watt
✅ Answer: B) Ampere
Q2: Who discovered the neutron?
A) J.J. Thomson
B) Ernest Rutherford
C) James Chadwick
D) Niels Bohr
✅ Answer: C) James Chadwick
Q3: What is the full form of DNA?
A) Deoxyribonucleic Acid
B) Dextrose Nucleic Acid
C) Dehydro Nucleic Acid
D) Double Helix Nucleic Acid
✅ Answer: A) Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Q4: Which planet is known as the “Red Planet”?
A) Venus
B) Mars
C) Jupiter
D) Saturn
✅ Answer: B) Mars
Q5: What is the primary function of the ozone layer?
A) Absorb CO₂
B) Block UV rays
C) Control Earth’s temperature
D) Absorb oxygen
✅ Answer: B) Block UV rays
2. Space Technology GK Questions
Q6: What is the name of India’s first satellite?
A) Bhaskara
B) Aryabhata
C) INSAT-1A
D) Rohini
✅ Answer: B) Aryabhata
Q7: ISRO was established in which year?
A) 1958
B) 1962
C) 1969
D) 1975
✅ Answer: C) 1969
Q8: What is the objective of the Chandrayaan-3 mission?
A) Study the Sun
B) Mars Exploration
C) Lunar Landing
D) Asteroid Mining
✅ Answer: C) Lunar Landing
Q9: Which space agency developed the James Webb Space Telescope?
A) NASA
B) ISRO
C) ESA
D) Roscosmos
✅ Answer: A) NASA
Q10: Gaganyaan Mission is related to?
A) India’s first human spaceflight mission
B) A space telescope
C) A satellite navigation system
D) A Mars Rover
✅ Answer: A) India’s first human spaceflight mission
3. Biotechnology & Health Science GK Questions
Q11: Which vaccine was India’s first COVID-19 vaccine?
A) Covaxin
B) Covishield
C) Sputnik V
D) Moderna
✅ Answer: A) Covaxin
Q12: What is CRISPR technology used for?
A) Space exploration
B) Gene editing
C) Cybersecurity
D) Artificial Intelligence
✅ Answer: B) Gene editing
Q13: Which disease is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin D?
A) Scurvy
B) Rickets
C) Beriberi
D) Anemia
✅ Answer: B) Rickets
Q14: What is the function of insulin in the human body?
A) Regulate blood pressure
B) Control metabolism
C) Regulate blood sugar levels
D) Improve digestion
✅ Answer: C) Regulate blood sugar levels
Q15: Which organ in the human body produces bile?
A) Kidney
B) Liver
C) Pancreas
D) Small intestine
✅ Answer: B) Liver
4. Artificial Intelligence & Digital Technology GK Questions
Q16: What does AI stand for?
A) Advanced Integration
B) Artificial Intelligence
C) Automated Innovation
D) Applied Informatics
✅ Answer: B) Artificial Intelligence
Q17: Which is the first supercomputer developed in India?
A) Param 8000
B) Sahyadri
C) Prithvi
D) Vikram-1
✅ Answer: A) Param 8000
Q18: What is 5G technology?
A) A new mobile generation technology
B) A satellite communication system
C) A digital currency
D) A new type of AI
✅ Answer: A) A new mobile generation technology
Q19: Which organization is responsible for cybersecurity in India?
A) ISRO
B) CERT-In
C) DRDO
D) NITI Aayog
✅ Answer: B) CERT-In (Indian Computer Emergency Response Team)
Q20: The term “Quantum Computing” is associated with which field?
A) Physics
B) Artificial Intelligence
C) Space Science
D) Renewable Energy
✅ Answer: A) Physics
5. Renewable Energy & Environmental Science GK Questions
Q21: What is the primary source of solar energy?
A) Nuclear reactions
B) Chemical energy
C) Fossil fuels
D) Thermal expansion
✅ Answer: A) Nuclear reactions
Q22: The largest renewable energy source in India is?
A) Wind Energy
B) Hydropower
C) Solar Energy
D) Biomass
✅ Answer: B) Hydropower
Q23: Which protocol aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?
A) Kyoto Protocol
B) Geneva Protocol
C) Montreal Protocol
D) Paris Agreement
✅ Answer: A) Kyoto Protocol
Q24: What does “Net Zero Emissions” mean?
A) No carbon dioxide production
B) Carbon absorption equals carbon emissions
C) No use of fossil fuels
D) 100% renewable energy usage
✅ Answer: B) Carbon absorption equals carbon emissions
Q25: Which country generates the highest amount of wind energy?
A) USA
B) China
C) Germany
D) India
✅ Answer: B) China
FAQs on Science & Technology for UPSC
Q1: Why is Science & Technology important for UPSC?
Science & Technology is a high-scoring subject in UPSC Prelims & Mains (GS Paper 3). It helps candidates understand technological advancements, space missions, health innovations, and environmental policies.
Q2: What are the best sources to study Science & Technology for UPSC?
- NCERT Science Books (Class 6-12)
- The Hindu Science & Tech Section
- PIB (Press Information Bureau)
- ISRO, DRDO, and NASA websites
- Science Reporter Magazine
Q3: How can I improve my Science & Tech GK for UPSC?
- Read daily current affairs
- Follow recent technological advancements
- Practice UPSC previous year question papers
- Focus on applications of technology in India
Q4: What topics should I focus on for UPSC Prelims?
- Space & Defense Technology
- Biotechnology & Health Science
- Artificial Intelligence & Cybersecurity
- Renewable Energy & Environment
Q5: How many Science & Tech questions are asked in UPSC Prelims?
On average, 10-15 questions from Science & Technology appear in UPSC Prelims, mostly from recent developments and applications.
Conclusion: Strengthen Your Science & Tech Preparation for UPSC!
Science & Technology is a dynamic and crucial subject for UPSC aspirants. By staying updated, practicing GK questions, and understanding core concepts, candidates can excel in the Prelims & Mains.
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